Bradford Leads Research at Roman Frontier Site in Scotland

New archaeological surveys to investigate Roman presence at Trimontium

Archaeologists from the University of Bradford are set to conduct advanced scientific surveys this spring at Trimontium, Scotland’s largest Roman fort and settlement. The project aims to enhance understanding of the Roman Empire’s northernmost frontier along the River Tweed.

Project background and objectives

The initiative, titled Romans at the Tweed: Returning to Trimontium to examine a crossing point at the northern limit of the Roman Empire, has been selected as one of five pilot schemes under the Research Infrastructure for Conservation and Heritage Science (RICHeS) Access Fund Catalyst Projects. The research will focus on how the Romans controlled movement across the River Tweed, a key strategic crossing point at the edge of their empire.

The work is a collaboration between the University of Bradford, the Trimontium Trust, and AOC Archaeology, combining expertise in archaeology, heritage science, and public engagement.

Survey methods and technology

Building on earlier investigations conducted in 2022, which used ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to map the site, the current project will employ a compact Mala MIRA GPR unit along with new drone-based GPR technology funded through RICHeS. These tools will allow researchers to complete surveys of previously unsurveyed parts of the fort and search for the Roman river crossing.

The 2022 survey was the first to use a high-resolution Mala MIRA system at a Roman fort in Scotland, but that equipment is no longer available in the UK. The new technology aims to provide detailed data on the fortifications and the relationship between the Romans, local populations, and the River Tweed.

Significance of Trimontium

Trimontium, located in the Scottish Borders, covers approximately 370 acres and includes a military fort, civilian settlement, roads, shrines, a cemetery, and a bridge crossing the River Tweed. The site is notable for having one of the highest concentrations of Roman military artefacts in the UK and contains the most northerly known Roman amphitheatre.

Public engagement and heritage science

The project emphasises public participation, involving volunteers in field research and ensuring that new findings are shared widely. It forms part of the broader Uncovering the Tweed initiative, which integrates technical specialists, archaeologists, and community members in frontier research.

RICHeS funds projects that improve access to heritage science facilities and expertise, supporting research, conservation, and public engagement across the UK. The Access Fund Catalyst Projects, running until March 2026, represent the initial phase of this scheme.

Future outlook

The research at Trimontium aligns with the University of Bradford’s strategic goals of fostering innovation, collaboration, and societal impact. By combining advanced technology with community involvement, the project aims to contribute to the protection and understanding of an important historical site at the Roman Empire’s northern edge.

• Site: Trimontium, Scottish Borders
• Project: Romans at the Tweed
• Partners: University of Bradford, Trimontium Trust, AOC Archaeology
• Technology: Ground-penetrating radar, drone-based GPR
• Funding: RICHeS Access Fund Catalyst Projects
• Project duration: Until March 2026